2 **Canadian History** - Canadian History
1. The Confederation of Canada
The Confederation of Canada refers to the process by which the current nation of Canada was formed. It began on July 1, 1867, when the British North America Act (now known as the Constitution Act, 1867) was enacted. This act united three British colonies—Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, and the Province of Canada (which was divided into Ontario and Quebec)—into a single federation called the Dominion of Canada.
The primary reasons for Confederation included the desire for economic stability, defense against the United States, and the need for a more efficient governance system. The Fathers of Confederation, a group of influential politicians, played a crucial role in negotiating the terms of union.
Imagine Confederation as the creation of a new family from existing households. Each household (colony) had its own traditions and ways of doing things, but they decided to come together to form a stronger, more unified family (Canada). This union allowed them to share resources, protect each other, and work together for a common future.
2. The Canadian Pacific Railway
The Canadian Pacific Railway (CPR) is a monumental achievement in Canadian history, symbolizing the nation's westward expansion and economic development. Construction began in 1881 and was completed in 1885, connecting the eastern provinces to the Pacific Ocean. The railway was a key factor in the settlement of the western part of the country and played a significant role in the development of the Canadian economy.
The completion of the CPR was a national priority, driven by the vision of Sir John A. Macdonald, Canada's first Prime Minister. It was seen as essential for the country's unity, as it linked the distant provinces and territories, making them more accessible and connected. The construction was a monumental task, involving thousands of workers, including many Chinese immigrants who faced harsh conditions and discrimination.
Think of the CPR as the backbone of Canada, much like the spine in a human body. Just as the spine supports the body and allows it to stand upright and move, the CPR supported the growth and unity of Canada, enabling it to expand and thrive. The railway not only physically connected the country but also symbolized the spirit of unity and progress that defines Canada.