Data Classification and Handling
1. Data Classification
Data classification is the process of organizing data into categories to help ensure data security and integrity. It involves identifying and assigning levels of sensitivity to data based on its importance and the potential impact of its disclosure, modification, or destruction.
Common data classifications include:
- Public Data: Information that is not sensitive and can be shared freely without any risk.
- Internal Data: Information that is meant for internal use within the organization and should not be shared outside without proper authorization.
- Confidential Data: Highly sensitive information that requires strict access controls and protection measures.
- Restricted Data: Extremely sensitive data that is critical to the organization's operations and requires the highest level of protection.
Example: A company's annual financial report is classified as Confidential Data because its disclosure could impact stock prices and investor confidence. On the other hand, a company's public press release is classified as Public Data because it is meant to be shared with the general public.
2. Data Handling
Data handling refers to the processes and procedures used to manage data throughout its lifecycle, from creation to deletion. Proper data handling ensures that data is stored, accessed, and transmitted securely, in compliance with relevant regulations and organizational policies.
Key aspects of data handling include:
- Data Storage: Ensuring data is stored in secure environments with appropriate access controls.
- Data Access: Granting access to data only to authorized personnel and monitoring access logs.
- Data Transmission: Encrypting data during transmission to prevent interception and unauthorized access.
- Data Deletion: Safely disposing of data when it is no longer needed to prevent data breaches.
Example: When handling Confidential Data, an organization might use encrypted USB drives for data storage, enforce multi-factor authentication for data access, and employ VPNs for secure data transmission. Additionally, they might use secure data erasure tools for data deletion to ensure no traces of sensitive information remain.