Understanding Online Threats

Key Concepts

• Malware
• Phishing
• Identity Theft
• Social Engineering

Malware

Malware is malicious software designed to disrupt, damage, or gain unauthorized access to computer systems. Common types of malware include viruses, worms, trojans, ransomware, and spyware. Malware can be spread through infected files, email attachments, or malicious websites.

Think of malware as a digital virus. Just as a biological virus can infect and harm your body, malware can infect and harm your computer system, stealing data or causing it to malfunction.

Phishing

Phishing is a cybercrime where attackers attempt to trick individuals into revealing sensitive information such as passwords, credit card numbers, or other personal details. Phishing attacks often come in the form of fake emails, websites, or messages that appear to be from legitimate sources.

Imagine phishing as a fishing expedition. Attackers cast out baited hooks (fake emails or websites) hoping to catch unsuspecting victims who will bite and reveal their valuable information.

Identity Theft

Identity theft occurs when someone steals your personal information and uses it to commit fraud or other crimes. This can include using your credit card details, social security number, or other identifying information to open accounts, make purchases, or obtain loans in your name.

Think of identity theft as someone stealing your digital identity. Just as someone might steal your wallet and use your ID to impersonate you, cybercriminals can steal your personal information to impersonate you online.

Social Engineering

Social engineering is a manipulation technique that exploits human psychology to gain access to sensitive information or systems. Attackers use tactics like deception, persuasion, and influence to trick individuals into divulging confidential information or performing actions that compromise security.

Consider social engineering as a con artist's game. Just as a con artist might manipulate someone into handing over money or valuables, social engineers manipulate individuals into revealing sensitive information or performing actions that compromise security.