4.1 Storage Technologies Explained

Key Concepts

• Direct Attached Storage (DAS)
• Network Attached Storage (NAS)
• Storage Area Network (SAN)
• Cloud Storage

Direct Attached Storage (DAS)

Direct Attached Storage (DAS) is a storage system directly connected to a server or a computer. DAS is typically used for small-scale storage needs and is ideal for environments where data access speed and simplicity are paramount. DAS devices include internal hard drives, external hard drives, and solid-state drives (SSDs).

Example: A small business uses DAS to store its financial records on an external hard drive connected to a dedicated accounting server. This setup ensures fast access to data and easy management.

Network Attached Storage (NAS)

Network Attached Storage (NAS) is a file-level storage device connected to a network, allowing data to be accessed by multiple users and devices. NAS devices are often used in home and small business environments for file sharing, backup, and media streaming. NAS systems typically run on specialized operating systems and offer features like RAID for data redundancy.

Example: A home network uses a NAS device to store family photos, videos, and documents. Multiple family members can access and share these files from their individual devices, such as laptops and smartphones.

Storage Area Network (SAN)

A Storage Area Network (SAN) is a high-speed network that provides block-level storage to servers. SANs are used in enterprise environments where high performance, scalability, and data availability are critical. SANs use technologies like Fibre Channel and iSCSI to provide fast and reliable data transfer.

Example: A large enterprise uses a SAN to store critical business data, such as customer records and financial transactions. The SAN is connected to multiple servers, ensuring fast and reliable access to data for various business applications.

Cloud Storage

Cloud Storage is a service model in which data is stored on remote servers accessed over the internet. Cloud storage providers offer scalable and flexible storage solutions, allowing users to store and retrieve data from anywhere with an internet connection. Cloud storage is commonly used for backup, archiving, and collaboration.

Example: A remote team of developers uses cloud storage to share project files and collaborate on software development. The team members can access and edit files in real-time, regardless of their physical location.

Examples and Analogies

Consider DAS as a personal bookshelf in your home, where you store your favorite books and can access them quickly. NAS is like a shared library in a community center, where multiple people can borrow and return books. SAN is akin to a high-speed courier service that delivers packages to various businesses, ensuring fast and reliable delivery. Cloud storage is like a virtual library accessible from any device with an internet connection, allowing you to read and share books with others worldwide.

Another analogy is DAS being a personal refrigerator in your kitchen, NAS being a shared refrigerator in an office break room, SAN being a high-speed food delivery service, and cloud storage being a virtual grocery store where you can order and access food items from anywhere.