3.1 Ingredients and Their Uses Explained
Key Concepts
- Proteins
- Carbohydrates
- Fats
Proteins
Proteins are essential nutrients that play a crucial role in building and repairing tissues, producing enzymes and hormones, and supporting immune function. Common sources of protein include meats, fish, eggs, dairy products, legumes, nuts, and seeds. Proteins are often used as the main ingredient in dishes like steaks, fish fillets, and tofu stir-fries.
For example, grilled chicken breast is a popular protein-rich dish that provides a lean source of energy and nutrients. To prepare, season the chicken with salt, pepper, and your favorite herbs, then grill until fully cooked. The result is a tender, flavorful meal that is both satisfying and nutritious.
Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates are the primary source of energy for the body. They are found in a variety of foods, including grains, fruits, vegetables, and dairy products. Carbohydrates can be simple (like sugars) or complex (like starches and fibers). Common uses for carbohydrates include making bread, pasta, rice, and baked goods.
For instance, a classic pasta dish like spaghetti carbonara relies heavily on carbohydrates for its base. Cooked spaghetti is combined with a creamy sauce made from eggs, cheese, and pancetta. The carbohydrates in the pasta provide the bulk of the dish, while the protein from the eggs and pancetta adds richness and depth.
Fats
Fats are a concentrated source of energy and are essential for absorbing fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, and K). They also provide insulation and protection for organs. Fats are found in oils, butter, dairy products, nuts, seeds, and fatty meats. Fats are often used to add flavor, texture, and richness to dishes.
For example, aioli is a garlicky mayonnaise that uses fat to create a smooth, creamy texture. To make aioli, blend garlic, egg yolks, and olive oil until emulsified. The fat in the olive oil not only provides a rich flavor but also helps to create a stable, spreadable sauce that can be used as a dip or condiment.