2.1 Basic Arithmetic Operations for Machinists

1. Addition

Addition is the process of combining two or more numbers to find their total. In machining, addition is used to calculate the total length of multiple components or the total amount of material needed.

Example: If you need to machine two pieces of metal, one 100mm long and another 50mm long, the total length required is 100mm + 50mm = 150mm.

2. Subtraction

Subtraction is the process of taking one number away from another to find the difference. In machining, subtraction is used to determine the amount of material to be removed or the difference in dimensions between two parts.

Example: If a block of metal is 200mm long and you need to machine it down to 150mm, you will need to remove 200mm - 150mm = 50mm of material.

3. Multiplication

Multiplication is the process of adding a number to itself a certain number of times. In machining, multiplication is used to calculate the total quantity of material needed or the total length of multiple identical parts.

Example: If you need to produce 5 identical parts, each 30mm long, the total length required is 5 parts × 30mm/part = 150mm.

4. Division

Division is the process of splitting a number into equal parts. In machining, division is used to determine the size of individual parts when a total length or quantity is known.

Example: If you have a 150mm long piece of metal and need to cut it into 5 equal parts, each part will be 150mm ÷ 5 parts = 30mm long.

Understanding these basic arithmetic operations is essential for machinists to accurately calculate material requirements, part dimensions, and machining processes. Mastery of these operations ensures precision and efficiency in the workshop.