Understanding 4-3 Harmonic Composition

Key Concepts

4-3 Harmonic Composition refers to the use of a fourth and a third interval to create harmonic structures. This technique is fundamental in Western music theory and is used to build chords and progressions that are both stable and pleasing to the ear.

1. Fourth Interval

The fourth interval is the distance between the first note of a scale and the fourth note. For example, in the C major scale, the fourth interval is from C to F. This interval is often used to create tension and prepare for resolution.

2. Third Interval

The third interval is the distance between the first note of a scale and the third note. In the C major scale, the third interval is from C to E. This interval is crucial for defining the quality of a chord, whether it is major or minor.

3. Harmonic Structure

Combining the fourth and third intervals creates a harmonic structure that is both stable and dynamic. The fourth interval introduces tension, while the third interval provides resolution, creating a balanced and pleasing sound.

Explanation and Examples

Fourth Interval

In the key of C major, the fourth interval (C to F) can be used to create a subdominant chord (F major). This chord introduces a sense of preparation and tension that leads to the resolution on the tonic chord (C major).

Third Interval

The third interval (C to E) is the foundation of the tonic chord (C major). By stacking a third interval on top of another third interval, you create a major triad (C-E-G). This triad provides a sense of stability and rest.

Harmonic Structure

Combining the fourth and third intervals allows for the creation of complex harmonic progressions. For example, a common progression in C major might use the subdominant chord (F major) followed by the dominant chord (G major) and then resolve to the tonic chord (C major). This progression uses both fourth and third intervals to create a smooth and satisfying harmonic flow.

Examples and Analogies

Fourth Interval

Think of the fourth interval as a bridge that connects two points. Just as a bridge provides a path from one place to another, the fourth interval provides a harmonic path from one chord to another.

Third Interval

Consider the third interval as the foundation of a building. Just as a strong foundation supports a building, the third interval supports the harmonic structure of a chord.

Harmonic Structure

Imagine a harmonic structure as a well-balanced meal. The fourth interval is like the appetizer, introducing a bit of tension and anticipation. The third interval is like the main course, providing the satisfying resolution and stability.