Measuring and Comparing
1. Measuring
Measuring means finding out how big, how long, or how heavy something is. We use special tools like rulers, scales, and measuring cups to do this. For example, if you want to know how tall you are, you can use a ruler to measure your height in centimeters or inches.
Example: If you want to measure the length of a pencil, you can use a ruler. Place the pencil next to the ruler and see how many centimeters or inches it is from one end to the other.
2. Comparing
Comparing means looking at two or more things and deciding which one is bigger, smaller, longer, shorter, or heavier. For example, if you have two apples, you can compare their sizes to see which one is bigger.
Example: If you have two toy cars, you can compare their lengths by placing them side by side. You can then decide which car is longer based on how much of the ruler each car covers.
3. Using Non-Standard Units
Sometimes, we use things we know well to measure other things. These are called non-standard units. For example, you can use your hand span to measure the length of a table. Just stretch out your hand and see how many hand spans fit along the table.
Example: If you want to measure the length of a book, you can use your hand span. Place your hand on the book and count how many hand spans it takes to cover the entire length of the book.
4. Using Standard Units
Standard units are the official ways to measure things. They include centimeters, meters, grams, and kilograms. Using standard units helps everyone understand the measurements because they are the same everywhere. For example, when you measure your height, you use centimeters or meters.
Example: If you want to measure the weight of a bag of apples, you can use a scale that measures in grams or kilograms. This way, everyone knows exactly how heavy the bag is.