1-3-1 Storage Technologies Explained
Key Concepts
- Direct Attached Storage (DAS)
- Network Attached Storage (NAS)
- Storage Area Network (SAN)
- RAID Technology
Direct Attached Storage (DAS)
Direct Attached Storage (DAS) is a storage system directly connected to a server or a computer. DAS devices are typically hard drives or SSDs that are physically attached to the host system. This setup is similar to having a personal bookshelf in your room, where only you can access and use the books.
DAS is straightforward and easy to set up, making it ideal for small environments where a single server needs local storage. However, it lacks the scalability and flexibility required for larger, more complex environments.
Network Attached Storage (NAS)
Network Attached Storage (NAS) is a storage device connected to a network that allows data to be accessed by multiple users and heterogeneous clients. NAS devices are typically file-level storage servers that use standard network protocols like NFS (Network File System) or SMB/CIFS (Server Message Block/Common Internet File System).
Think of NAS as a shared bookshelf in a library, where multiple users can access and borrow books. NAS provides centralized storage that can be accessed by various devices on the network, making it suitable for home networks, small businesses, and departments within larger organizations.
Storage Area Network (SAN)
A Storage Area Network (SAN) is a dedicated high-speed network that provides access to consolidated, block-level storage. SANs are typically built using Fibre Channel (FC) or iSCSI (Internet Small Computer System Interface) technologies. SANs provide storage that is shared across multiple servers, allowing for high availability and scalability.
Imagine SAN as a high-speed, dedicated delivery system for packages in a logistics network. Each server in the data center can access the storage as if it were directly attached, but the storage is actually shared across the network. This setup is ideal for large enterprises that require high performance and availability for their storage needs.
RAID Technology
RAID (Redundant Array of Independent Disks) is a technology that combines multiple physical disk drive components into one or more logical units for redundancy and performance. RAID levels include RAID 0, RAID 1, RAID 5, RAID 6, and RAID 10, each offering different trade-offs between redundancy, performance, and storage capacity.
Consider RAID as a way to build a robust bookshelf. For example, RAID 1 mirrors data across two drives, ensuring that if one drive fails, the other can take over without data loss. This is akin to having two identical bookshelves, so if one is damaged, the other still holds all the books.