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Math for Grade 4
1 Number Sense and Operations
1-1 Place Value
1-1 1 Understanding place value through millions
1-1 2 Reading and writing numbers in standard, word, and expanded form
1-1 3 Comparing and ordering numbers
1-2 Rounding and Estimating
1-2 1 Rounding numbers to the nearest 10, 100, and 1000
1-2 2 Estimating sums, differences, products, and quotients
1-3 Addition and Subtraction
1-3 1 Adding and subtracting multi-digit numbers
1-3 2 Solving word problems involving addition and subtraction
1-4 Multiplication and Division
1-4 1 Multiplication tables up to 12
1-4 2 Multiplying multi-digit numbers by one-digit numbers
1-4 3 Dividing multi-digit numbers by one-digit numbers
1-4 4 Solving word problems involving multiplication and division
1-5 Factors and Multiples
1-5 1 Identifying factors and multiples of a number
1-5 2 Finding the greatest common factor (GCF)
1-5 3 Finding the least common multiple (LCM)
2 Fractions and Decimals
2-1 Understanding Fractions
2-1 1 Identifying and naming fractions
2-1 2 Comparing and ordering fractions with like and unlike denominators
2-1 3 Equivalent fractions
2-2 Operations with Fractions
2-2 1 Adding and subtracting fractions with like denominators
2-2 2 Solving word problems involving fractions
2-3 Understanding Decimals
2-3 1 Reading and writing decimals to the hundredths place
2-3 2 Comparing and ordering decimals
2-4 Operations with Decimals
2-4 1 Adding and subtracting decimals
2-4 2 Solving word problems involving decimals
3 Geometry and Measurement
3-1 Basic Shapes and Properties
3-1 1 Identifying and classifying 2D shapes (triangles, quadrilaterals, etc )
3-1 2 Identifying and classifying 3D shapes (cubes, pyramids, etc )
3-2 Perimeter and Area
3-2 1 Finding the perimeter of polygons
3-2 2 Finding the area of rectangles and squares
3-3 Lines and Angles
3-3 1 Identifying and measuring angles using a protractor
3-3 2 Classifying angles (acute, obtuse, right, straight)
3-4 Time and Measurement
3-4 1 Telling time to the nearest minute
3-4 2 Solving word problems involving time
3-4 3 Measuring length, weight, and capacity using standard units
4 Data Handling and Probability
4-1 Collecting and Organizing Data
4-1 1 Creating and interpreting bar graphs, line plots, and pictographs
4-1 2 Collecting and organizing data in tables
4-2 Analyzing Data
4-2 1 Finding the mode, median, and range of a set of data
4-2 2 Interpreting data from graphs and tables
4-3 Introduction to Probability
4-3 1 Understanding the concept of probability
4-3 2 Predicting outcomes based on data
5 Problem Solving and Critical Thinking
5-1 Strategies for Problem Solving
5-1 1 Using logical reasoning to solve problems
5-1 2 Applying the four operations to solve multi-step problems
5-2 Patterns and Relationships
5-2 1 Identifying and extending number patterns
5-2 2 Understanding and using simple algebraic expressions
5-3 Critical Thinking and Reasoning
5-3 1 Evaluating and justifying solutions to problems
5-3 2 Making connections between different mathematical concepts
3 Geometry and Measurement

3 Geometry and Measurement

Key Concepts

Geometry and Measurement involve understanding shapes, their properties, and how to measure their dimensions. Key concepts include identifying and describing shapes, understanding perimeter and area, and using measurement tools.

Understanding Shapes

Shapes are geometric figures that can be described by their sides and angles. Common shapes include squares, rectangles, triangles, and circles. Each shape has specific properties that define it.

Example: A square has four equal sides and four right angles (90 degrees).

Perimeter and Area

Perimeter is the distance around the outside of a shape, while area is the amount of space inside the shape. Perimeter is measured in units like centimeters or meters, and area is measured in square units like square centimeters or square meters.

Example: For a rectangle with length 5 cm and width 3 cm:

Perimeter = 2 * (length + width) = 2 * (5 + 3) = 16 cm

Area = length * width = 5 * 3 = 15 square cm

Using Measurement Tools

Measurement tools like rulers, tape measures, and protractors help in accurately measuring lengths, angles, and other dimensions. Understanding how to use these tools correctly is essential for practical applications.

Example: To measure the length of a room, use a tape measure to ensure accuracy.

Examples and Analogies

Think of shapes as building blocks. Each block has a specific shape and size, and when combined, they can create different structures. Perimeter is like the fence around a garden, and area is the actual space inside the garden where plants grow.

Example: If you have a rectangular garden, the perimeter is the length of the fence you need, and the area is the space available for planting.

Practical Application

Understanding geometry and measurement is crucial for everyday tasks such as drawing, building, and measuring spaces. For example, when designing a room layout, you need to know the dimensions of the room and the furniture to ensure everything fits correctly.

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