3-1-1 Chord Construction Explained
Key Concepts
- Triads
- Intervals
- Chord Types
Triads
Triads are the most basic type of chords, consisting of three notes. These notes are usually stacked in thirds, meaning the distance between each note is a third interval. The three notes of a triad are the root, third, and fifth.
For example, in a C major triad, the notes are C (root), E (third), and G (fifth). The distance from C to E is a major third, and from E to G is a minor third.
Intervals
Intervals are the distance between two notes. In chord construction, the most important intervals are the third and the fifth. The third can be either major (4 semitones) or minor (3 semitones), and the fifth is usually a perfect fifth (7 semitones).
For instance, in a C major triad, the interval between C and E is a major third (4 semitones), and the interval between E and G is a minor third (3 semitones).
Chord Types
There are four main types of triads: major, minor, diminished, and augmented. The type of chord is determined by the intervals between the notes.
- Major Chord: Root + major third + perfect fifth (e.g., C-E-G)
- Minor Chord: Root + minor third + perfect fifth (e.g., C-Eb-G)
- Diminished Chord: Root + minor third + diminished fifth (e.g., C-Eb-Gb)
- Augmented Chord: Root + major third + augmented fifth (e.g., C-E-G#)
Examples and Analogies
Think of a triad as a three-legged stool. Each leg represents a note, and the stability of the stool (chord) depends on the length of each leg (interval). A major chord is like a balanced stool with equal support, while a minor chord has one shorter leg, making it feel slightly off-balance.
Another analogy is a three-note melody. Each note in the melody represents a note in the chord. The relationship between these notes determines the mood and character of the chord. For example, a major chord sounds bright and happy, while a minor chord sounds somber and reflective.
By understanding these key concepts, you can construct and identify different types of chords, enhancing your ability to read, write, and perform music effectively.